[Εξώφυλο]

Μελέτη των βοοειδών της Ανωμειοκαινικής απολιθωματοφόρων θέσης θηλαστικών της Πλατανιάς Παρανεστία Δράμας. = Study of the Bovidae of the Upper Miocene vertebrate locality of Platania, Drama (Greece).

Νικόλαος Βασιλειάδης

Περίληψη


Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι η μελέτη των απολιθωμάτων των βοοειδών της νέας απολιθωματοφόρου θέσης του Νεογενούς της Πλατανιάς, Παρανεστίου Δράμας. Το υλικό μελέτης συλλέχθηκε κατά τη διάρκεια των ανασκαφών του ΑΠΘ από το 2012 έως το 2016 και αποτελείται από περίπου 760 απολιθώματα, τα οποία αποδίδονται σε ιππάρια, βοοειδή, ρινόκερους, ελαφοειδή, καμηλοπαρδάλεις, χοίρους, προβοσκιδωτά, ύαινες και χελώνες.  
Το υλικό των βοοειδών αποτελείται από πέντε Antilopinae, ένα Bovinae και μερικά μη προσδιορίσιμα δείγματα βοοειδών. Τα Antilopinae που αναγνωρίστηκαν είναι: Prostrepsiceros rotundicornis, aff. Protoryx sp., aff. Tragoreas oryxoides, Gazella aff. capricornis, Gazella cf. ancyrensis, ενώ το Bovinae αποδίδεται στο Miotragocerus sp. Από τη μελέτη των απολιθωμάτων προέκυψε ένα πιθανό νέο είδος, το aff. Protoryx sp., γεγονός που δίνει νέα στοιχεία στις σχέσεις ανάμεσα στα γένη Protoryx, Palaeoryx, Sporadotragus και Skoufotragus. Tα νέα δεδομένα που προέκυψαν από τη μελέτη του Miotragocerus sp. δίνουν το έναυσμα για ένα νέο προβληματισμό σε σχέση με την εξελικτική πορεία μέσα στο γένος Miotragocerus σύμφωνα με τους Spassov & Geraads (2004) και Kostopoulos (2005).
 Η παρουσία των ειδών που αναφέρθηκαν παραπάνω δίνει μία άνω Μειοκαινική ηλικία για την απολιθωματοφόρο θέση της Πλατανιάς (ΜΝ10-ΜΝ11). Επιπλέον, μελετήθηκαν τα ταφονομικά χαρακτηριστικά των απολιθωμάτων από τα οποία προέκυψε το συμπέρασμα ότι μέρος της συνάθροισης των απολιθωμάτων στη θέση έγινε από τη δράση σαρκοφάγων ζώων τα οποία στη συνέχεια προσανατολίστηκαν στο χώρο από τη δράση ρέματος μικρής δυναμικότητας το οποίο απομάκρυνε τα πιο ευκίνητα στοιχεία.
Τέλος, από την πανιδική σύσταση και την ανάλυση μεσοτριβής που πραγματοποιήθηκε στα δόντια των βοοειδών προκύπτει περιβάλλον σαβάνας μικτού ή και κλειστού τύπου το οποίο όμως λαμβάνεται υπόψιν υπό επιφύλαξη εξαιτίας του ταφονομικού μοντέλου.

This study presents the new fossil material of bovids from the Neogene locality of Platania, Drama (Greece). The material was excavated from 2012 to 2016 and yielded approximately 760 specimens attributed to hipparions, rhino, cervid, giraffid, suid, proboscidean, hyaenid and turtle.  
The bovid material consists of five Antilopinae, one Bovinae and one Bovidae indeterminable. The Antilopinae that have been identified are: Prostrepsiceros rotundicornis, aff. Protoryx sp., aff. Tragoreas oryxoides, Gazella aff. capricornis, Gazella cf. ancyrensis. The Bovinae is attributed to Miotragocerus sp. A probable new species, aff. Protoryx sp. provides new information to the relation among the genera Protoryx, Palaeoryx, Sporadotragus and Skoufotragus. The new data derived from the study of Miotragocerus sp. from Platania, give rise to a new concern about the evolutionary trends within the genus Miotragocerus according to Spassov & Geraads (2004) and Kostopoulos (2005). The occurence of the bovid species studied here indicates an Upper Miocene age for the fossiliferous locality of Platania (MN10-MN11). According to the taphonomic characters in the specimens, we can conclude that part of the fossil assemblage has been gathered from carnivorous activity, mainly hyenids, but the orientation of the fossils is due to a small dynamic river that thinned the concentration from the most mobile elements. Finally, using the fauna assembladge and a mesowear analysis done in the teeth of the bovids, we come to the conclusion that the palaeoenvironment was mixed-type of savanna. However, this result is subject to reservations due to the taphonomic model of the assembladge.

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Αναφορές


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