Βιοτίτες σε Α- και Ι-τύπου γρανιτικά πετρώματα. = Biotites in A- and I-type granitic rock.
Περίληψη
A-type granites are characterized by anorogenic forming conditions, their chemical composition is anhydrous and alkaline. A-type granites are also associated with extensional tectonics and are characterized by high K2O, Na2O contents and low MgO, CaO contents. Their petrogenesis is associated with fractional crystallization of a magma with an intermediate to basic chemical composition which has a silica-saturated alcaline sodic or ultrapotassic character. A-type granites can be produced by melting of high grade metamorphic rocks or from igneous rocks that might have been metasomatized by mantle-derived fluids. Finally, they can derive by fractional crystallization of medium to high-K tholeiitic magmas. On the other hand, I-type granites have metaluminous geochemistry and are characterized by high contents of Na2O. Their formation is associated with the subduction zone that occurs during plate convergence under a continental margin. I-type granites derive from the partial melting of igneous protoliths that have not suffered intense surface weathering processes or from the fractional crystallization of a magma. As regards the Greek granitic rocks, two of them have characteristics of A-type granites. The leucogranite of Deskati belongs to the Pelagonian zone and has peraluminous geochemistry. The pluton is considered to have formed during an oceanic subduction under a large continental margin which takes part in the initial composition of the magma. Kerkinis’s pluton belongs to the Serbomacedonian massif and petrologically is a two-mica granite with peraluminous geochemistry. The pluton’s petrogenesis is associated with the anhydrous melting of a biotite-tonalitic source, leaving behind a granulitic residue. Taking into account the diagrams of biotite and corresponding whole rock oxides, it is evident that biotites of I- and A–type granites overlap in most of them and as a result it is difficult to separate them. However, biotites of I-type granites have slightly higher contents of Al2O3 and MgO while biotites of A-type granites have higher contents of FeO and K2O. The samples of Deskati and Kerkini plot in the common field of I- and A-type granites in most of the diagrams, except for one sample of Deskati which plots in the biotite field of A-type granites in the FeO-SiO2R diagram and one sample of Kerkini which plots in the I-type granites field. In addition, biotites from I- and A–type granites show overlapping when plotted in the diagrams of SiO2R versus biotite cations, making their separation ambiguous. However, some variations can be distinguished. Biotites of I-type granites have high contents of K, Na and Mn, in contrast to biotites of A-type granites that exhibit higher contents of Alt, Fet, Ca, Mg and higher (Fe/Fe+Mg) ratios as well. The samples of Deskati and Kerkini plot in the common I-and A-type granites field in most of the diagrams. However, the samples from Deskati mainly plot in the common A-and I-type granites field, while those from Kerkini in the diagrams Fet-SiO2R, Mg-SiO2R and (Fe/Fe+Mg)-SiO2R plot in the A-type granites field, with the exception of Kerkini one sample that plots in the common A-and I-type granites field of the Fet-SiO2R, Mg- SiO2R and (Fe/Fe+Mg)-SiO2R diagrams whereas in the K-SiO2R and Na- SiO2R diagrams, it plots in the I-type granites field. Finally, from the rest of the diagrams it appears that biotites from I-type granites have higher (Mg/(Mg+Fet))-TiBi.ratios. Biotites from A-type granites have higher contents of Fe, as noted on the MgOBi-FeOBi diagram and in addition A-type granites have slightly lower contents of MgO and Al2O3 in comparison to biotites from I-type granites. The samples of Deskati plot in the common field of I-and A-type granites but the samples of Kerkini mainly plot in the field of A-type granites, with the exception of two samples that plot in the I-type granites field in (Mg/(Mg+Fet))-TiBi, MgO-FeO-Al2O3, Al2O3Bi-MgOBi and Al2O3-FeOBitot diagrams. Also one sample from Kerkini plots in the common field of I- and A-type granites in MgOBi- FeOBi diagram. From the studied chemical composition of biotites from A- and I-type granites and the petrography, mineralogy, geochemistry and petrogenesis of granitic rocks from Greece and other regions, we can conclude that biotites from Kerkini’s granite characterize this pluton as of A-type granites. On the contrary, biotites from Deskati’s granite have common characteristics of I- and A-type granites.
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