Contemporary coastline changes and flood susceptibility assesment of Kassandra peninsula, Halkidiki, using remote sensing and GIS = Πρόσφατες μεταβολές της ακτογραμμής και εκτίμηση της πλυμμυρικής επιδεκτικότητας της χερσονήσου Κασσάνδρας, Χαλκιδικής, με

Βασιλική Καφήρα

Contemporary coastline changes and flood susceptibility assesment of Kassandra peninsula, Halkidiki, using remote sensing and GIS = Πρόσφατες μεταβολές της ακτογραμμής και εκτίμηση της πλυμμυρικής επιδεκτικότητας της χερσονήσου Κασσάνδρας, Χαλκιδικής, με

Βασιλική Καφήρα

Περίληψη

This study concentrates, on the first part, on the construction of a flood susceptibility map, of the study area, by combining vulnerability elements, using the Analytical Hierarchy Process/ AHP (Saaty, 1980). After processing of a digital elevation model (DEM), important secondary data were extracted, such as the slope map, the flow direction and the flow accumulation. Together with additional thematic information (e.g. geological maps, land cover etc.), these led to the final four major factors for creating the flood susceptibility map ,i.e. the Topographic wetness index, Lithology, Roughness - Land cover and Vegetation cover index (NDVI). These factors were co-evaluated, in order to produce the final map, which categorizes the area into zones of higher to lower flood susceptibility, in GIS environment. The second part of the thesis detects and examines the changes of the coastlines in Kassandra peninsula, using remote sensing and GIS. Kassandra peninsula comprises a very energetic and diversified coast. The study focused on the analysis of the coastal dynamics and the spatio-temporal changes of coastal morphology for the years 1977, 1985, 2007 and 2011, using the digital shoreline analysis system (DSAS) extension. This part’s main goal is to estimate whether there is erosion or accretion and the size of it. One of the purposes of this thesis is to implement this new methodology in the Department of Geology AUTH, therefore it has been decided to use parts of the guide (Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 4.0 in agreement with Robert Thieler, Ph.D. from U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Geology Program, in order to guide future users in a more helpful way.

Η μελέτη αυτή επικεντρώνεται, στο πρώτο μέρος, στην κατασκευή χάρτη πλημμυρικής επιδεκτικότητας, της περιοχής μελέτης, συνδυάζοντας στοιχεία τρωτότητας, και χρησιμοποιώντας την Διαδικασία Αναλυτικής Ιεραρχίας / ΑΗΡ (Saaty, 1980). Με την επεξεργασία των κατάλληλων δεδομένων σε συνδυασμό με πρόσθετες θεματικές πληροφορίες (π.χ. γεωλογικούς χάρτες, κάλυψη γης κλπ), υπολογίστηκαν οι τέσσερις βασικοί παράγοντες για τη δημιουργία του χάρτη πλημμυρικής επιδεκτικότητας, δηλαδή ο τοπογραφικός δείκτης υγρασίας, η λιθολογία, η τραχύτητα και ο δείκτης φυτοκάλυψης (NDVI). Αυτοί οι παράγοντες συν-αξιολογούνται, προκειμένου να παραχθεί ο τελικός χάρτης, ο οποίος κατηγοριοποιεί την περιοχή σε ζώνες από υψηλότερη σε χαμηλότερη επιδεκτικότητα στην εμφάνιση πλημμυρών. Το δεύτερο μέρος της διατριβής εντοπίζει και εξετάζει τις αλλαγές των ακτών της χερσονήσου Κασσάνδρας, με τη χρήση τηλεπισκόπησης και των GIS. Η Κασσάνδρα περιλαμβάνει μια πολύ δυναμική και ποικιλόμορφη ακτογραμμή. Η μελέτη επικεντρώθηκε στην ανάλυση των παράκτιων μεταβολών για τα έτη 1977, 1985, 2007 και το 2011, χρησιμοποιώντας το σύστημα ψηφιακής ανάλυσης ακτογραμμών (DSAS). Ο κύριος στόχος αυτού του τμήματος είναι να εκτιμηθεί αν υπάρχει διάβρωση ή απόθεση, καθώς επίσης ο ρυθμός και το μέγεθός τους. Ένας από τους σκοπούς αυτής της εργασίας είναι η εφαρμογή αυτής της νέας μεθοδολογίας στο Τμήμα Γεωλογίας του ΑΠΘ, ως εκ τούτου, έχει αποφασιστεί να χρησιμοποιούν τμήματα του οδηγού (Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) σε συμφωνία με τον Robert Thieler, Ph.D. από το US Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Geology Program, με σκοπό να καθοδηγήσει τους μελλοντικές τους χρήστες.

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