[Εξώφυλλο]

Inversion of love waves from ambient noise arrays: application in the Mygdonia basin area = Αντιστροφή κυμάτων Love από δίκτυα καταγραφής περιβαλλοντικού θορύβου: εφαρμογή στην περιοχή της Μυγδονίας Λεκάνης

Konstantinos Th. Gkogkas

Περίληψη


The current master thesis derives a new shallow 3-D Vs model for the EUROSEISTEST area (Mygdonia basin, northern Greece) from high frequency Love wave ambient noise cross-correlation tomography. The recordings were cross-correlated and the Love wave dispersion curve for each cross-correlation path was obtained from manually picking. The computed Love wave group travel-times are in excellent agreement with local geology and the errors of manually picking depict two populations, with the larger error population being spatially distributed mainly in the westernmost part of the study area. The Love wave travel-times for each frequency were inverted using a tomographic approach with the implementation of approximate Fresnel volumes, damping, spatial and inter-frequency smoothing constrains. The Love wave group velocity maps depict the main 2-D basin features and the geometry of the outcropping bedrock is well resolved. Local group slowness dispersion curves were reconstructed for each node of the tomographic grid for solutions satisfying resolution quality cut-off criteria. The local group slowness dispersion curves were inverted using a non-linear Monte Carlo approach and ground profiles with appropriate 1-D Vs variation with depth were generated. The resulting 3-D Vs model, despite its local instabilities, depicts the main basin structure. The derived average bottom layer depths are shallower than the proposed model from Rayleigh waves, with deeper formations exhibiting strong transverse anisotropy. Also, the 3-D Vs model is in good correlation with independent geological, geophysical and geotechnical information. New results for EUROSEISTEST area suggest that the joint inversion of Rayleigh and Love waves would give a better insight in understanding the local 3-D Vs structure.

Η παρούσα μεταπτυχιακή διατριβή ειδίκευσης πραγματεύεται την εφαρμογή της τομογραφικής αντιστροφής κυμάτων Love από ειδικά δίκτυα καταγραφής εδαφικού θορύβου για τη μελέτη της τρισδιάστατης επιφανειακής δομής της βόρειας Μυγδονίας λεκάνης. Αρχικά περιγράφεται η διασυσχέτιση καταγραφών εδαφικού θορύβου από ειδικό δίκτυο σεισμογράφων που είχε εγκατασταθεί στην περιοχή, καθώς και η επιλογή των καμπυλών διασποράς των κυμάτων Love για κάθε συστοιχία σεισμογράφων. Έπειτα, παρουσιάζονται οι χρόνοι διαδρομής των κυμάτων Love και τα σφάλματά τους, καθώς και η χωρική τους διασπορά που βρίσκεται σε εξαιρετική συμφωνία με την επιφανειακή γεωλογία. Στη συνέχεια περιγράφεται η μέθοδος αντιστροφής που χρησιμοποιήθηκε (αρχικό μοντέλο αντιστροφής, προσεγγιστικοί όγκοι Fresnel, παράμετροι απόσβεσης, χωρικής και συχνοτικής εξομάλυνσης) και παρουσιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα της χωρικής μεταβολής των ταχυτήτων ομάδας των κυμάτων Love για κάθε συχνότητα. Επιπλέον, περιγράφεται μία σειρά δοκιμών της αξιοπιστίας της ανάλυσης του τομογραφικού μοντέλου και της αντιστροφής, ενώ περιγράφονται και τα κριτήρια αποκοπής της τελικής λύσης. Από το τομογραφικό μοντέλο, κατασκευάστηκαν τοπικές καμπύλες διασποράς για ~270 κόμβους του καννάβου, οι οποίοι αντιστράφηκαν ανεξάρτητα με μία μη γραμμική αντιστροφή για να προσδιοριστεί η κατανομή των ταχυτήτων των εγκαρσίων κυμάτων με το βάθος. Το τελικό τρισδιάστατο μοντέλο που προέκυψε από την υπέρθεση των μονοδιάστατων κατανομών των ταχυτήτων των εγκαρσίων σεισμικών κυμάτων με το βάθος βρίσκεται σε συμφωνία με τις τεκτονική δομή της λεκάνης, αλλά και ανεξάρτητες γεωλογικές, γεωτεχνικές και γεωφυσικές πληροφορίες. Τα βάθη των σεισμικών ασυνεχειών εντοπίζονται πιο επιφανειακά σε σχέση με τα παλαιώτερα αποτελέσματα για τα κύματα Rayleigh. Συμπερασματικά, προτείνεται ότι η συνδυαστική αντιστροφή των κυμάτων Rayleigh και Love πιθανότατα θα δώσει μία πιο ολοκληρωμένη εικόνα της τρισδιάστατης δομής της περιοχής μελέτης, καθώς και χρήσιμες πληροφορίες για την εγκάρσια ανισοτροπία, ειδικά για τα βαθύτερα ιζήματα, όπως δείχνει η κατανομή των λόγων των ταχυτήτων των S σεισμικών κυμάτων που προσδιορίστηκαν από τα δύο είδη επιφανειακών κυμάτων.

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Αναφορές


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