[Εξώφυλλο]

Η σεισμική ακολουθία της Λέσβου 2017: μελέτη σεισμικότητας, σεισμικής επικινδυνότητας και προσομοίωση της ισχυρής σεισμικής κίνησης = The 2017 Lesvos earthquake sequence: strong ground motion simulation, seismicity and seismic hazard assessment.

Νικόλαος Α. Βάβλας

Περίληψη


Η παρούσα διατριβή διαπραγματεύεται τρία διαφορετικά θέματα, τη σεισμικότητα, τη σεισμική επικινδυνότητα και την προσομοίωση της ισχυρής σεισμικής κίνησης, για το νησί της Λέσβου. Στο πρώτο και εισαγωγικό κεφάλαιο αναφέρονται κάποια στοιχεία σχετικά με τη γεωλογία, την τεκτονική, τους ιστορικούς σεισμούς, καθώς και για την σεισμική ακολουθία του Ιουνίου 2017. Στο 2ο Κεφάλαιο γίνεται λόγος για ορισμένα θεωρητικά στοιχεία αναφορικά με τη χρονικά ανεξάρτητη σεισμικότητα, τα οποία στη συνέχεια εφαρμόζονται σε δύο ξεχωριστούς καταλόγους που εκτείνονται χρονικά στα διαστήματα 1995-2017 και 1911-2016. Στο 3ο Κεφάλαιο πραγματοποιείται αναλυτική περιγραφή της πιθανολογικής μεθόδου εκτίμησης της σεισμικής επικινδυνότητας και γίνεται εφαρμογή αυτής για την περιοχή της Λέσβου, με την προσέγγιση του λογικού δένδρου. Στο 4ο Κεφάλαιο γίνεται προσομοίωση της ισχυρής σεισμικής κίνησης για το σεισμό της 12ης Ιουνίου 2017 με τη στοχαστική μέθοδο, αρχικά αναδρομικά σε ήδη υπάρχουσες καταγραφές, και στη συνέχεια στην τοποθεσία της Βρίσας, η οποία είχε πληγεί περισσότερο από το σεισμό, με μέγεθος ροπής Mw=6.3. Επίσης, αναφέρονται οι βασικές θεωρητικές έννοιές της μεθόδου. Στο 5ο και τελευταίο κεφάλαιο σχολιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα της εργασίας και αναφέρονται τα συμπεράσματα που μπορούν να εξαχθούν από αυτά.

The current thesis concerns three different aspects of seismology, seismicity, seismic hazard assessment and strong ground motion simulation for the island of Lesvos. In the first and introductory chapter the island’s geology, tectonics, historical earthquakes and the seismic sequence of June 2017 are discussed. In Chapter 2 some theoretical concepts regarding time independent seismicity are mentioned, which are later applied into two separate catalogs which extend over the time intervals 1995-2017 and 1911-2016. Chapter 3 deals with probabilistic seismic hazard assessment. The method’s basic principles are described in detail, and then the method is applied for the island of Lesvos using the logic tree approach .Finally, chapter 4 deals with strong ground motion simulation, initially retrospectively using existing records, and then for the location of Vrisa, which was hit the hardest by the Mw=6.3 earthquake. The basic theoretical concepts of the method are also mentioned. The fifth and final chapter discusses the results of this work and outlines the conclusions that can be drawn from them.

Πλήρες Κείμενο:

PDF

Αναφορές


Ελληνόγλωσσες

Βαμβακάρης, Δ., (2010). Συμβολή στη μελέτη της χρονικά μεταβαλλόμενης σεισμικότητας και σεισμικής επικινδυνότητας. (Αδημοσίευτη Διδακτορική Διατριβή). Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης.

Θωμαίδου, Ε., (2009). Η Γεωλογική Δομή Της Νήσου Λέσβου. (Αδημοσίευτη Διδακτορική Διατριβή). Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης.

Καραμήτρου, Α., Ρουμελιώτη, Ζ. και Κυρατζή, Α. (2008). Στοχαστική προσομοίωση της ισχυρής σεισμικής κίνησης από ενεργές τεκτονικές δομές κοντά στην πόλη της Θεσσαλονίκης. 3o Πανελλήνιο Συνέδριο Αντισεισμικής Μηχανικής & Τεχνικής Σεισμολογίας 5–7 Νοεμβρίου, 2008 Άρθρο 2082.

Κατσικάτσος, Γ., Ματαράγκας, Δ., Μιγκίρος, Γ. και Τριανταφύλλης Μ. (1982). Γεωλογική μελέτη της Νήσου Λέσβου. Ι.Γ.Μ.Ε., Αθήνα, σελ.90, (1991).

Κλήμης, Ν.Σ., Β.Ν. Μάργαρης, Α.Ι. Αναστασιάδης, Π.Κ. Κολιόπουλος και Ε. Κίρτας (2006). Εξομαλυμένοι συντελεστές ενίσχυσης βραχωδών σχηματισμών στον Ελληνικό χώρο., Πρακτικά 5ου Πανελλ. Συνεδρ. Γεωτεχν. και Περιβαλλ. Μηχ. ΤΕΕ, Ξάνθη 31/5-2/6/2006, 1-8.

Κυρατζή, Α. (2008). Τα χαρακτηριστικά της εστίας των ισχυρών (Mw>6.0) σεισµών στην Ελλάδα (1958-2008). 3o Πανελλήνιο Συνέδριο Αντισεισµικής Μηχανικής & Τεχνικής Σεισµολογίας 5–7 Νοεµβρίου, 2008.

Μουντράκης, Δ., (2010). Γεωλογία και Γεωτεκτονική Εξέλιξη της Ελλάδας. University Studio Press, Θεσσαλονίκη.

ΟΑΣΠ (2003). Νέος Χάρτης Σεισμικής Επικινδυνότητας της Ελλάδας. γ) Πρόταση Τελικού Χάρτη Ζωνών Σεισμικής Επικινδυνότητας & Ηλεκτρονική Επεξεργασία.

Παπαζάχος, Β., Παπαζάχου, Κ., (2003). Οι Σεισμοί της Ελλάδας. ΖΗΤΗ, Θεσσαλονίκη.

Παπαζάχος, Κ., Καρακαίσης, Γ., Χατζηδημητρίου, Π., (2005). Εισαγωγή Στη Σεισμολογία. ΖΗΤΗ, Θεσσαλονίκη.

Παπαζάχος Β.Κ., Μουντράκης Δ.Μ., Παπαζάχος Κ.Β., Τρανός Μ.Δ., Καρακαϊσης Γ.Φ. και Σαββαϊδης Α.Σ. (2001), “Τα ρήγματα που προκάλεσαν τους γνωστούς ισχυρούς σεισμούς στην Ελλάδα και τη γύρω περιοχή από τον 5ο αιώνα π.Χ. μέχρι σήμερα”, 2ο Π. Σ. Αντισεισμικής Μηχανικής & Τεχνικής Σεισμολογίας, Τ.Ε.Ε., Θεσσαλονίκη, 28-30 Σεπτεμβρίου 2001, 1, σελ. 17-26.

ΠΕΠ-Β. ΑΙΓΑΙΟΥ (2008). Αξιοποίηση σύγχρονων μεθόδων των γεωεπιστημών στη διαχείριση του σεισμικού κινδύνου με έμφαση στο δομημένο περιβάλλον των νησιών του Βορείου Αιγαίου Πελάγους. Τελική Έκθεση, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΗΣΙΑΚΟ ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑ ΒΟΡΕΙΟΥ ΑΙΓΑΙΟΥ 2000-2006, ΜΕΤΡΟ 3.7, σελ. 500.

Σέγκου (2010). Εκτίμηση Της Εξαρτωμένης από τη Συχνότητα Σεισμικής Επικινδυνότητας του Ελληνικού Χώρου με Αιτιοκρατικές και πιθανολογικές Μεθόδους. (Αδημοσίευτη Διδακτορική Διατριβή). Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών.

Χατζηδημητρίου, Π., (1984). Σεισμογόνοι Χώροι και Πηγές στο Χώρο του Αιγαίου και στις Γύρω Περιοχές. (Αδημοσίευτη Διδακτορική Διατριβή). Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης.

Ξενόγλωσσες

Abrahamson, N. and Silva, W. (1997). Empirical Response Spectral Attenuation Relations for Shallow Crustal Earthquakes. Seismological Research Letters, 68(1), pp.94-127.

Aki, K. (1966). Generation and propagation of G waves from the Niigata earthquake of June 16, 1964. II. Estimation of earthquake moment, released energy, and stress-strain drop from the G wave spectrum. Bull. Earthquake Res. Inst. Tokyo Univ. 44, 73–88.

Aki, K. (1967). Scaling law of seismic spectrum. Journal of Geophysical Research, 72(4), pp.1217-1231.

Akkar, S. and Bommer, J. (2010). Empirical Equations for the Prediction of PGA, PGV, and Spectral Accelerations in Europe, the Mediterranean Region, and the Middle East. Seismological Research Letters, 81(2), pp.195-206.

Askan, A., Sisman, F. and Ugurhan, B. (2013). Stochastic strong ground motion simulations in sparsely-monitored regions: A validation and sensitivity study on the 13 March 1992 Erzincan (Turkey) earthquake. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 55, pp.170-181.

Atkinson, G. and Assatourians, K. (2014). Implementation and Validation of EXSIM (A Stochastic Finite-Fault Ground-Motion Simulation Algorithm) on the SCEC Broadband Platform. Seismological Research Letters, 86(1), pp.48-60.

Atkinson, G., Assatourians, K., Boore, D., Campbell, K. and Motazedian, D. (2009). A Guide to Differences between Stochastic Point-Source and Stochastic Finite-Fault Simulations. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 99(6), pp.3192-3201.

Baker, J. (2013). Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis. White Paper Version 2.0, 79 pp.

Bazzurro, P. and Cornell, C. (1999). Disaggregation of Seismic Hazard. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 89(2), 501–520.

Beresnev, I. and Atkinson, G. (1997). Modeling finite-fault radiation from the ωn spectrum. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 87 (1), pp 67-84.

Beresnev, I. and Atkinson, G. (1998). FINSIM-a FORTRAN Program for Simulating Stochastic Acceleration Time Histories from Finite Faults. Seismological Research Letters, 69(1), pp.27-32.

Bommer, J., Scherbaum, F., Bungum, H., Cotton, F., Sabetta, F. and Abrahamson, N. (2005). On the Use of Logic Trees for Ground-Motion Prediction Equations in Seismic-Hazard Analysis. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 95(2), pp.377-389.

Boore, D. (1983). Stohastic Simulation of high-frequency Ground Motions Based on Seismological Models of the Radiated Spectra. Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 73, pp. 1865-1894.

Boore, D. (2003). Simulation of Ground Motion Using the Stochastic Method. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 160(3), pp.635-676.

Boore, D. (2005). Fortran Programs for Simulating Ground Motions from Earthquakes: Version 2.3-A Revision of OFR 96-80-A. U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Report 00-509, revised 15 August 2005, 55pp.

Boore, D. (2006). Orientation-Independent Measures of Ground Motion. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 96(4A), pp.1502-1511.

Boore, D. (2009). Comparing Stochastic Point-Source and Finite-Source Ground-Motion Simulations: SMSIM and EXSIM. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 99(6), pp.3202-3216.

Boore D.M. and Atkinson G.M. (2008). Ground-motion prediction equations for the average horizontal component of PGA, PGV and 5%-damped PSA at spectral periods between 0.01 s and 10.0 s. Earthquake Spectra. 24:99-138.

Bradley, B. (2009). Seismic Hazard Epistemic Uncertainty in the San Francisco Bay Area and Its Role in Performance-Based Assessment. Earthquake Spectra, 25(4), pp.733-753.

Brune, J. (1970). Tectonic stress and the spectra of seismic shear waves from earthquakes. Journal of Geophysical Research, 75(26), pp.4997-5009.

Budnitz, R., Apostolakis, G., Boore, D., Cluff, L., Coppersmith, K., Cornell, C, Morris, P. (1997). Recommendations for probabilistic seismic hazard

analysis. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

Caputo R. and Pavlides S. (2013): The Greek Database of Seismogenic Sources (GreDaSS), version 2.0.0: A compilation of potential seismogenic sources (Mw>5.5) in the Aegean Region. http://gredass.unife.it/, doi: 10.15160/unife/gredass/0200.

Chatzipetros, A., Kiratzi, A., Sboras, S., Zouros, N. and Pavlides, S. (2013). Active faulting in the north-eastern Aegean Sea Islands. Tectonophysics, 597-598, pp.106-122.

Chousianitis, K., Del Gaudio, V., Pierri, P. and Tselentis, G. (2018). Regional ground-motion prediction equations for amplitude-, frequency response-, and duration-based parameters for Greece. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 47(11), pp.2252-2274.

Comninakis, P.and Papazachos, B.C. (1978). Completeness, Accuracy and Homogeneity of the Data for Seismicity Studies in the Mediterranean and Surrounding Area, Proc.of the symp, Analysis Seism.Risk, Lublice 1977, 139-149, 1978b.

Cornell, C.A. (1968). Engineering seismic risk analysis. Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 58, 1503-1606.

Cornell, C. A. (1971). Probabilistic analysis of damage to structures under seismic loads. In Dynamic Waves in Civil Engineering: Proceedings of a Conference Organized by the Society for Earthquake and Civil Engineering Dynamics, ed. D. A. Howells, I. P. Haigh, and C. Taylor, 473–493. New York: John Wiley.

Danciu L. and Tselentis G‐A. (2007). Engineering ground‐motion parameters attenuation relationships for Greece. Bull Seismol Soc Am. 2007;9(1B):162‐183.

Der Kiureghian, A. and Ditlevsen, O. (2009). Aleatory or epistemic? Does it matter? Structural Safety, 31(2), pp.105-112.

Field, E.H., T.H. Jordan, and Cornell C.A. (2003). OpenSHA: A Developing Community-Modeling Environment for Seismic Hazard Analysis, Seismological Research Letters, 74, no. 4, p. 406-419.

Fytikas, M., Innocenti, F., Manetti, P., Peccerillo, A., Mazzuoli, R. and Villari, L. (1984). Tertiary to Quaternary evolution of volcanism in the Aegean region. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17(1), pp.687-699.

Ganas, A., Oikonomou, I. and Tsimi, C. (2017). NOA faults: a digital database for active faults in Greece. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece, 47(2), p.518.

Giardini D. et al., (2013). Seismic Hazard Harmonization in Europe (SHARE): Online Data Resource, doi: 10.12686/SED-00000001-SHARE, 2013.

Gibowicz, S., (1973). Variation of frequency-magnitude relationship during the Taupo earthquake swarm of 1964-65. New Zealand journal of geology and geophysics 16: 18-51.

Gumbel, E.J. (1966). Statistics of extremes. Columbia Univ. Press., New York, pp. 375.

Günther, R., Kappelmeyer, O. and Kronberg, P. (1977). Zur Prospektion auf geothermale Anomalien, Erfahrungen einer Modelluntersuchung in Polichnitos, Lesbos (Griechenland). Geologische Rundschau, 66(1), pp.10-33.

Gutenberg, R. and C.F. Richter (1944). Frequency of earthquakes in California, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 34, 185-188.

Hanks, T. C. (1982). fmax, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 72, 1867–1879.

Hanks, T. and Kanamori, H. (1979). A moment magnitude scale. Journal of Geophysical Research, 84(B5), p.2348.

Hatzidimitriou, P., Papadimitriou, E., Mountrakis, D. and Papazachos, B. (1985). The seismic parameter b of the frequency-magnitude relation and its association with the geological zones in the area of Greece. Tectonophysics, 120(1-2), pp.141-151, doi: 10.1016/0040-1951(85)90092-7.

International Atomic Energy Agency (2015), Ground Motion Simulation Based on Fault Rupture Modelling for Seismic Hazard Assessment in Site Evaluation for Nuclear Installations, Safety Reports Series No. 85, IAEA, Vienna (2015).

Joyner, Β. and Boore, D. (1981). Peak horizontal acceleration and velocity from strong-motion records including records from the 1979 imperial valley, California, earthquake. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America; 71 (6): 2011–2038.

Kalantari, A. (2012). Seismic Risk of Structures and the Economic Issues of Earthquakes. [online] Available at: https://www.intechopen.com/books/earthquake-engineering/seismic-risk-of-structures-and-the-economic-issues-of-earthquakes [Accessed 19 Apr. 2019].

Kampouris, Z., (1978). Calamities in Lesvos in the 19th century. Publ. J. A. Paspate, Mytilene pp. 77 (in Greek).

Karakaisis, G., Hatzidimitriou, P., Scordilis, E. and Panagiotopoulos, D. (1998). Seismicity of western Macedonia, Greece. Journal of Geodynamics, 26(2-4), pp.297-307, doi: 10.1016/s0264-3707(97)00070-7.

Kiratzi, A. (2002). Stress tensor inversions along the westernmost North Anatolian Fault Zone and its continuation into the North Aegean Sea. Geophysical Journal International, 151(2), pp.360-376.

Kiratzi A. (2014). Mechanisms of Earthquakes in Aegean. In: Beer M., Kougioumtzoglou I., Patelli E., Au IK. (eds) Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

Kiratzi, A. (2018). The 12 June 2017 Mw 6.3 Lesvos Island (Aegean Sea) earthquake: Slip model and directivity estimated with finite-fault inversion. Tectonophysics, 724-725, pp.1-10, doi: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-246X.2002.01753.x.

Kiratzi, A., Karakaisis, G., Papadimitriou, E. and Papazachos, B. (1985). Seismic source-parameter relations for earthquakes in Greece. Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH, 123(1), pp.27-41.

Klimis, N.S., Margaris, B.N., and Koliopoulos P.K. (1999) Site-Dependent amplification functions and response spectra in Greece. Journal of Eqk. Eng. 3, 2, 237-270

Konstantinou, K., Mouslopoulou, V., Liang, W., Heidbach, O., Oncken, O. and Suppe, J. (2016). Present-day crustal stress field in Greece inferred from regional-scale damped inversion of earthquake focal mechanisms. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 122(1), pp.506-523, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016JB013272.

Kramer, S. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering. 1st ed. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Kulkarni, R. B., R. R. Youngs, and K. J. Coppersmith (1984). Assessment of confidence intervals for results of seismic hazard analysis. Proceedings of the Eighth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, San Francisco, Vol. 1, 263–270.

Kumari, N, Sharma, M. and Gupta, I. (2017). Stochastic simulation of strong ground motions for western Himalaya region. 16th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 16WCEE 2017, Santiago Chile, January 9th to 13th 2017, Paper N° (2286).

Kyhdata.deprem.gov.tr. (2018). [online] Available at: http://kyhdata.deprem.gov.tr/2K/raporlard/20170612_1228_AegeanSea_Mw_6_2_eng.pdf [Accessed 7 May 2018].

Lekkas, E., Mavroulis, S., Skourtsos, E., Andreadakis, E., Antoniou, V., Kranis, C., Soukis, K., Lozios, S., Alexoudi, V. (2017). Earthquake environmental effects induced by the 2017 June 12, Mw 6.3 Lesvos (North Aegean Sea, Greece) earthquake. In: 8th International UNQUA Meeting on Paleoseismology, Active Tectonics and Archaeoseismology (PATA), 13-16 November 2017, New Zealand.

Lin, T. and Baker, J. (2011). Probabilistic seismic hazard deaggregation of ground motion prediction models. 5th International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering (5ICEGE), 1-12.

Margaris, B. and Hatzidimitriou, P. (2002). Source Spectral Scaling and Stress Release Estimates Using Strong-Motion Records in Greece. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 92(3), pp.1040-1059.

Margaris, B., C. Papazachos, C. Papaioannou, N. Theodulidis, I. Kalogeras, and A. Skarlatoudis (2002a). Ground motion attenuation relations for shallow earthquakes in Greece. In Proceedings of Twelfth European Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Sep 2002a. Paper reference 385.

Margaris, B, C. Papazachos, C. Papaioannou, N. Theodulidis, I. Kalogeras, and A. Skarlatoudis (2002b). Ground motion attenuation relations for shallow earthquakes in Greece. In Proceedings of the XXVIII General Assembly of the European Seismological Commission (ESC), Sep 2002b.

McGuire, R. (1995). Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis and design earthquakes: closing the loop. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 33(7), p.A294.

McGuire, R. K. (2004). Seismic Hazard and Risk Analysis. Oakland, CA: Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, 240 pps.

Meijer, P. and Wortel, M. (1997). Present-day dynamics of the Aegean region: A model analysis of the horizontal pattern of stress and deformation. Tectonics, 16(6), pp.879-895, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/97TC02004.

Milne, W.G. and Davenport, A.G. (1969). Distribution of earthquake risk in Canada. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 59, p. 729–754.

Motazedian, D. and Atkinson, G.M. (2005). Stochastic Finite-Fault Modeling Based on a Dynamic Corner Frequency. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 95(3), pp.995-1010.

Mogi, K. (1967). Earthquakes and fractures. Tectonophysics, 5(1), pp.35-55.

NEHRP (1994). Recommended provisions for seismic regulations for new buildings and other structures, Part 1: Provisions, FEMA 222A Building Seismic

Safety Council, Washington D.C., 290 pp.

Ordaz, M. and Salgado-Gálvez, M.A. (2017). R-CRISIS Validation and Verification Document. Technical Report. Mexico City, Mexico.

Papageorgiou, A. S., and K. Aki (1983). A specific barrier model for the quantitative description of inhomogeneous faulting and the prediction of strong ground motion. I. Description of the model, Bull. Seism.Soc. Am. 73, 693–722.

Papadimitriou, P., Tselentis, G.A., Voulgaris, N., Kouskouna, V., Lagios, E., Kassaras, I., Kaviris, G., Pavlou, K., Sakkas, V., Moumoulidou, A.,

Karakonstantis, A., Kapetanidis, V., Sakkas, G., Kazantzidou, D., Aspiotis, T., Fountoulakis, I., Millas, C., Spingos, I., Lekkas, E., Antoniou, V., Mavroulis,

S., Skourtsos, E. and Andreadakis, E. (2017). Preliminary report on the Lesvos 12 June 2017 Mw 6.3earthquake. (Report located at). https://www.emsc-csem.org/Files/news/Earthquakes_reports/lesvos_report_nkua_v5.pdf.

Papadimitriou, P., Kassaras, I., Kaviris, G., Tselentis, G., Voulgaris, N., Lekkas, E., Chouliaras, G., Evangelidis, C., Pavlou, K., Kapetanidis, V.,

Karakonstantis, A., Kazantzidou-Firtinidou, D., Fountoulakis, I., Millas, C., Spingos, I., Aspiotis, T., Moumoulidou, A., Skourtsos, E., Antoniou, V.,

Andreadakis, E., Mavroulis, S. and Kleanthi, M. (2018). The 12 the June 2017 M w = 6.3 Lesvos earthquake from detailed seismological observations. Journal of Geodynamics, 115, pp.23-42, doi: 10.1016/j.jog.2018.01.009.

Papadopoulos, G. A., Agalos, A., Charalampakis, M., Novikova, T., Triantafyllou, T., Annunziato, A., Probst, P., Proietti, C., Kleanthi, M., Necmioğlu, Ö.,

Sozdinler, C. Ö., Dogan, G., Yalciner, A. C. (2017). The Lesvos Isl. (East Aegean Sea) strong (Mw 6.3) earthquake and the associated tsunami of 12 June 2017. In: Abstract International Tsunami Symposium Bali-Flores, (2017).

Papaioannou, C. and Papazachos, B.C. (2000). Time-Independent and Time-Dependent Seismic Hazard in Greece Based on Seismogenic Sources. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 90(1), pp.22-33.

Papazachos, B. C. (1974). Dependence of the seismic parameter b on the magnitude range. Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH, 112(6), pp.1059-1065., doi:10.1007/bf00881508.

Papazachos, C.B. (1999). An alternative method for a reliable estimation of seismicity with an application in Greece and surrounding area. Bull. Seismolo. Soc. Am., 89, 111-119.

Papazachos, B.C., Makropoulos, K., Latousakis, J. and Theodulidis, N., (1989). Elaboration of a map of seismic hazard in Greece. 2nd rep. For the program of OASP, 24pp. (in Greek).

Papazachos, B. C., Scordilis, E., Panagiotopoulos, D., Papazachos, C. and Karakaisis, G. (2004). Global Relations Between Seismic Fault Parameters and Moment Magnitude of Earthquakes. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece, 36(3), p.1482.

Papazachos, B.C., Comninakis, P.E., Scordilis, E.M., Karakaisis, G.F. and C.B. Papazachos (2018). A catalogue of earthquakes in the Mediterranean and surrounding area for the period 1901 - 2017, Publ. Geophys. Laboratory, University of Thessaloniki.

Papazachos, C., Chatzis, N., Kkallas, C., Anthymidis, M., Rovithis, E., Karakostas, C. and Papaioannou, C. (2018). How does local geology control the earthquake damage distribution? The Lesvos 2007 case (abstract). 9th International INQUA Meeting on Paleoseismology, Active Tectonics and

Archeoseismology (PATA), 24th to 29th June 2018, Posidi, Greece.

Pavlides, S., Tsapanos, T., Zouros N., Sboras G., Koravos, G., Chatzipetros, A., (2009). Using active fault data for assessing seismic hazard: a case study from NE Aegean Sea, Greece. Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering Satellite Conference XVIIth International Conference on Soil Mechanics &

Geotechnical Engineering 2-3. 10. 2009, Alexandria, Egypt.

Rebez, A. and Slejko, D. (2004). Introducing epistemic uncertainties into seismic hazard assessment for the broader Vittorio Veneto area (N.E. Italy). Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata, 45(4) (305-320).

Reiter, L. (1990). Earthquake Hazard Analysis: Issues and Insights. New York: Columbia University Press.

Roumelioti, Z., Kiratzi, A., Theodoulidis, N. and Papaioannou, C. (2000). A comparative study of a stochastic and deterministic simulation of strong ground motion applied to the Kozani-Grevena (NW Greece) 1995 sequence. Annali di geofisica, 43(5), pp.951-966.

Roumelioti, Z., Kiratzi, A. and Theodulidis, N. (2004). Stochastic Strong Ground-Motion Simulation of the 7 September 1999 Athens (Greece) Earthquake. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 94(3), pp.1036-1052.

Roumelioti, Z., Kiratzi, A. and Benetatos, C. (2010). The instability of the MW and ML comparison for earthquakes in Greece for the period 1969 to 2007. Journal of Seismology, 14(2), pp.309-337.

Rydelek, P. and Sacks, I. (1989). Testing the completeness of earthquake catalogues and the hypothesis of self-similarity. Nature, 337(6204), pp.251-253, doi:10.1038/337251a0.

Scholz, C. (2015). On the stress dependence of the earthquake b value. Geophysical Research Letters, 42(5), pp.1399-1402.

Shearer, P. (2009). Introduction to Seismology. 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp.288-289.

Sitharam, J., T. and Kolathayar, S. (2018). Comprehensive Seismic Zonation Schemes for Regions at Different Scales. New York: Springer.

Skarlatoudis, A., Papazachos, C., Margaris, B., Theodulidis, N., Papaioannou, C., Kalogeras, I., Scordilis, E. and Karakostas, V. (2003). Empirical Peak Ground-Motion Predictive Relations for Shallow Earthquakes in Greece. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 93(6):2591-2603

Skarlatoudis, A., Papazachos, C., Margaris, B., Theodulidis, N., Papaioannou, C., Kalogeras, I., Scordilis, E. and Karakostas, V. (2007). Erratum to

Empirical Peak Ground-Motion Predictive Relations for Shallow Earthquakes in Greece. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 97(6), pp.2219-2221.

Slejko D. and Rebez, A. 2002: Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment and deterministic ground shaking scenarios for Vittorio Veneto (N.E. Italy). Boll Geof. Teor. Appl., 43, 263-280

Somerville, P. (1998). Emerging art: earthquake ground motion. Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics III, proceeding of a specialty conference held in Seattle, Washigton, August 3-6, 1998. Geotechanical Special publication, 75(75), 1-38.

Somerville, P. (2000). Seismic hazard evaluation. Bull. New Zealand Soc. Earthq. Eng., 33, 371-386.

Soulakellis, N., Novak, I., Zouros, N., Lowman, P. and Yates J. (2006). Fusing Landsat-5/TM Imagery and Shaded Relief maps in Tectonic and Geomorphic Mapping: Lesvos Island, Greece. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing,72(6), 693-700.

Stirzaker, D. (2007). Elementary probability. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.

Theodulidis, N., Roumelioti, Z., Panou, A., Savvaidis, A., Kiratzi, A., Grigoriadis, V., Dimitriu, P. and Chatzigogos, T. (2006). Retrospective Prediction of Macroseismic Intensities Using Strong Ground Motion Simulation: The Case of the 1978 Thessaloniki (Greece) Earthquake (M6.5). Bulletin of

Earthquake Engineering, 4(2), pp.101-130.

Tsapanos, T. M. (2008). Seismicity and seismic hazard assessment in Greece. In E. S. Husebey, editor, Earthquake Monitoring and Seismic Hazard Mitigation in Balkan Countries (pp. 253-270), Springer.

Tselentis, G. and Danciu, L. (2010). Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment in Greece – Part 1: Engineering ground motion parameters. Natural Hazards and Earth System Science, 10(1), pp.25-39.

Vamvakaris, D., Papazachos, C., Papaioannou, C., Scordilis, E., & Karakaisis, G. (2016). Seismic Hazard Assessment in The Broader Aegean Area Using Time-Independent Seismicity Models Based on Synthetic Earthquake Catalogs. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece, 50(3), 1463-1472.

Wells, D.L. and Coppersmith, K.J. (1994). New Empirical Relationships among Magnitude, Rupture Length, Rupture width, Rupture Area and Surface Displacement. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 84, 974-1002.

Wisner, B., Blaikie, P., Cannon, T. and Davis, I. (2004). At Risk: Natural Hazards. 2nd ed. Routledge.

Yılmaz, Y. and Karacik, Z. (2001). Geology of the northern side of the Gulf of Edremit and its tectonic significance for the development of the Aegean grabens. Geodinamica Acta, 14(1-3), pp.31-43.

Youngs R.R. and Coppersmith K. (1985). Implications of fault slip rates and earthquake recurrence models to probabilistic seismic hazard estimates. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 58:939-964.

Zouros, N., Pavlides, S., Soulakellis, N., Chatzipetros, A., Vasileiadou, K., Valiakos, I. and Mpentana, K. (2011). Using Active Fault Studies for Raising Public Awareness and Sensitisation on Seismic Hazard: A Case Study from Lesvos Petrified Forest Geopark, NE Aegean Sea, Greece. Geoheritage, 3(4), pp.317-327, doi: 10.1007/s12371-011-0044-y.


Εισερχόμενη Αναφορά

  • Δεν υπάρχουν προς το παρόν εισερχόμενες αναφορές.