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The Cervidae (Artiodactyla, Mammalia) from the Lower Pleistocene fossil site of Tsiotra Vryssi (Mygdonia Basin) = Τα ελαφοειδή της Κατω-Πλειστοκαινικής απολιθωματοφόρου θέσης Τσιότρα Βρύση (Λεκάνη Μυγδονίας).
Περίληψη
This work deals with the systematics of the cervids from the Lower Pleistocene fossiliferous site of Tsiotra Vryssi (TSR). TSR is located in Mygdonia Basin (Macedonia, Northern Greece) and after a series of systematic excavations, it has provided a plethora of fossil specimen, including several ones belonging to two deer species: a small-sized and a large-sized one. The faunal assemblage of the fossiliferous site of TSR is dated at 1.8-1.2 Ma.
The small-sized cervid is regarded as a new species of the genus Cervus, mainly due to its particularly distinct antler morphology, as compared to known Plio-Pleistocene European cervids of similar size. The large-sized cervid is attributed to Praemegaceros sp. Certain ecomorphological observations, concerning the habitat of the mentioned cervids, are pointed-out. Finally, certain Greek Villafranchian cervid faunal assemblages are also discussed, and compared to the one of Tsiotra Vryssi.
Η οικογένεια των ελαφοειδών (Cervidae) θεωρείται ως μία από τις πιο ετερογενείς ομάδες φυτοφάγων θηλαστικών, καθώς περιλαμβάνει ένα υψηλό αριθμό, τόσο σύγχρονων όσο και απολιθωμένων μορφών. Το ζήτημα της συστηματικής των ελαφοειδών παραμένει ανοικτό, κυρίως λόγω της απουσίας επαρκούς απολιθωμένου υλικού, καθώς και της ύπαρξης ισχυρών διχογνωμιών ανάμεσα στην ερευνητική κοινότητα. Ως σημαντικότεροι χαρακτήρες στη συστηματική των Cervidae, κρίνονται οι μορφολογίες των κεράτων και των δοντιών.
Η παρούσα εργασία πραγματεύεται τη συστηματική των ελαφοειδών της Κατω-Πλειστοκαινικής απολιθωματοφόρου θέσης Τσιότρα Βρύση. Η θέση βρίσκεται στη Λεκάνη της Μυγδονίας (Μακεδονία) και ύστερα από μια σειρά συστηματικών ανασκαφών, απέδωσε σημαντικό αριθμό απολιθωμένου υλικού, συμπεριλαμβανομένων αυτών ενός μικρόσωμου και ενός μεγαλόσωμου ελαφοειδούς. Η πανιδική συνάθροιση της θέσης χρονολογείται περί τα 1.8-1.2 εκ. έτη πριν.
Ο μικρού μεγέθους αντιπρόσωπος της οικογένειας αποδίδεται σε νέο είδος του γένους Cervus, κυρίως λόγω της αρκετά διαφοροποιημένης μορφολογίας των κεράτων, σε σύγκριση με τα ως τώρα γνωστά παρομοίου μεγέθους Πλειο-Πλειστοκαινικά ελαφοειδή της Ευρώπης. Το μεγάλου μεγέθους ελαφοειδές αποδίδεται στο γένος Praemegaceros. Αναφέρονται ακόμη συγκεκριμένες οικομορφολογικές παρατηρήσεις που αφορούν τα ενδιαιτήματα των προαναφερθέντων ελαφοειδών. Τέλος, αναλύονται και συγκρίνονται επιλεγμένες συναθροίσεις ελαφοειδών Βιλλαφράγκιας ηλικίας του Ελλαδικού χώρου, με αυτή της Τσιότρα Βρύσης.
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