Επίδραση της κλιματικής αλλαγής στην παράκτια ζώνη της λεκάνης της Μεσογείου = Climate change effects on the coastal zone of the Mediterranean basin.
Περίληψη
This dissertation focuses on the expected effects that climate change has had or may have on the coming years in the Mediterranean coastal areas. The rate of increase of the global mean temperature during the next century is expected to be about 0.3°C per decade (with an uncertainty range of 0.2°C to 0.5°C per decade). This is likely to result in an increase of the global mean temperature to about 1°C above the present value by 2025, and roughly 3°C before the end of the next century (IPCC, 2018). As noted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), these changes in the global average temperature have a wide range of impacts at global, regional, and local levels, such as: sea level rise, temperature, rainfall and river runoff, drought, desertification and fires. The climate change is going to heavily affect the earth’s resources and have a serious impact on the Mediterranean terrain, population and their activities as well. The effects will vary by region and sometimes by season. Human health, well-being and modern lifestyle is likely to be shaken. The environment in each region will change, especially in forests, wetlands, oceans and deltaic environments, and therefore the flora and fauna will have to adapt to the new climatic conditions. In most cases the effects will be detrimental, however, some areas may be able to cope with the climatic changes, provided they remain relatively small. Mitigating the effects of climate change and adapting to its inevitable outcomes, require for the scientific community, political leadership and industry to cooperate and adapt to the new data, in order to preserve the terrestrial and marine morphology, biodiversity, economic development, tourist activity and cultural heritage of the Mediterranean basin.
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