Κλιματική εκτίμηση της εποχιακής πρόγνωσης καιρού στην περιοχή της Ευρώπης = Evaluation of seasonal forecasting over Europe.
Περίληψη
Seasonal forecasting occurs between short-term weather forecast and long-term climate projection. Seasonal forecasting is carried out for a time period of one to six months from the initial condition. It differs from weather forecast, as the last one gives much more spatial and temporal detail, but for a short period in the future. Beyond a few days, the atmosphere's chaotic nature limits the ability to predict precise changes at local scales. This is one of the reasons that meso-scale forecasts of atmospheric conditions present some uncertainty. Early forecasting of potential climate anomalies contributes significantly to sectors related to the production process and the environment, such as agriculture and the management of water resources and water supplies, but also various sectors of the economy, such as tourism. The present study addresses the evaluation of different seasonal climate models based on the accuracy of their temperature and precipitation projection in Europe. Climate models were evaluated by comparing projections with the most recent reanalysis database, ERA5. Furthermore, this study addresses evaluation of seasonal forecast systems predicting climate variability based on the ensemble members hitting precipitation and temperature variation related to climate median According to the results, the different lead time of the models does not show significant differences in any of the models. All seasonal forecasting systems show a distinct underestimation of the annual temperature range in Europe, moreover the spring temperatures are underestimated, and the autumn temperatures are overestimated. Regions with high altitude or significant land-sea alternation show statistically significant differences. For the rainfall parameter no clear signal was obtained, with correct forecasts alternating in space and time. The SE Europe region is the region with the best results for both temperature and precipitation.
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