Εξώφυλλο

Systematic study of the Early Pleistocene Canis (Mammalia, Canidae) from Tsiotra Vryssi (Mygdonia Basin, Greece) = Συστηματική μελέτη των κάτω- πλειστοκαινικών Cavis (Mammalia, Canidae) από την απολιθωματοφόρο θέση Τσιοτρα Βρύση (Λεκάνη Μυγδονίας, Ελλάδα).

Anastasia Ioannis Karakosta

Περίληψη


The Lower Pleistocene site of Tsiotra Vryssi (TSR, Mygdonia basin, Greece), has revealed a rich late Villafranchian fauna in which canids are well-represented. The present thesis focuses on the systematic study of the canid (Mammalia, Carnivora, Canidae) material from TSR and its comparison with Early Pleistocene European taxa. Τhree taxa have been recognized in the locality: two medium-sized canids (a larger and a smaller one) and a large-sized one. The larger medium-sized canid has been referred to as Canis borjgali vel apolloniensis, portraying many similarities with both Canis borjgali from Dmanisi (Georgia) and Canis apolloniensis from Apollonia-1 (Greece). The smaller medium-sized canid has been attributed to Canis sp. (morphotype B). Its overall morphology resembles the larger taxon, however its smaller size and some anatomical differences, set their in between relationships questionable and its species attribution unclear. Nevertheless, both TSR taxa are part of the early evolutionary stages of the C. mosbachensis lineage and are distinct from the more primitive C. etruscus and C. arnensis. The large-sized canid has been attributed to Canis (Xenocyon) sp. based on the general morphology and proportions of a single molar. The postcranial remains belong to medium-sized canids and have been attributed to Canis sp.; their study resulted in a notable metrical and morphological variability. Such variability could support the coexistence of two medium-sized species or just be part of intraspecific variation.

Η Κάτω Πλειστοκαινική θέση της Τσιότρα Βρύσης (TSR, λεκάνη Μυγδονίας, Ελλάδα), έχει αποκαλύψει μια πλούσια πανίδα του άνω Βιλαφραγκίου στην οποία οι κυνίδες αντιπροσωπεύονται επαρκώς. Η παρούσα εργασία εστιάζει στη συστηματική μελέτη του υλικού των κυνίδων (Mammalia, Carnivora, Canidae) από την Τσιότρα Βρύση και στη σύγκρισή του με ευρωπαϊκά είδη του Κάτω Πλειστόκαινου. Στη θέση έχουν αναγνωριστεί τρία είδη: δύο κυνίδες μεσαίου μεγέθους (ένας μεγαλύτερος και ένα μικρότερος) και ένας μεγάλου μεγέθους. Ο μεγαλύτερος κυνίδης μεσαίου μεγέθους αναφέρεται ως Canis borjgali vel apolloniensis, καθώς παρουσιάζει πολλές ομοιότητες τόσο με τον Canis borjgali από το Dmanisi (Γεωργία) όσο και με τον Canis apolloniensis από την Απολλωνία-1 (Ελλάδα). Ο μικρότερος κυνίδης μεσαίου μεγέθους έχει αποδοθεί στο Canis sp. (morphotype Β). Η συνολική μορφολογία του μοιάζει με το μεγαλύτερο, ωστόσο το μικρότερο μέγεθος και ορισμένες ανατομικές διαφορές καθιστούν αμφισβητήσιμη τη μεταξύ τους σχέση και ασαφή την απόδοση του είδους του. Παρόλα αυτά, και τα δύο είδη της Τσιότρα Βρύσης αποτελούν μέρος των πρώιμων εξελικτικών σταδίων της γραμμής του C. mosbachensis και διαφέρουν από τα πιο πρωτόγονα C. etruscus και C. arnensis. Ο μεγάλου μεγέθους κυνίδης έχει αποδοθεί στο Canis (Xenocyon) sp. με βάση τη γενική μορφολογία και τις αναλογίες ενός μόνο δείγματος. O μετακρανιακός σκελετός ανήκει σε κυνίδες μεσαίου μεγέθους και αποδόθηκε στο Canis sp. Από τη μελέτη του διαπιστώθηκε σημαντική μετρική και μορφολογική ποικιλομορφία, η οποία θα μπορούσε να υποστηρίξει τη συνύπαρξη δύο μεσαίου μεγέθους ειδών ή απλώς να αποτελεί μέρος ενδοειδικής ποικιλότητας.

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Αναφορές


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