Μεταμόρφωση υπερυψηλών πιέσεων = Ultrahigh pressure metamorphism.
Περίληψη
This bachelor thesis deals with Ultrahigh Pressure Metamorphism (UHP), the metamorphic conditions and the mineral assemblages that occur. Eclogites are the products of UHP metamorphism and they consist mainly of garnet and omphacite. Depending on the composition of the protolith, metamorphism at great depths produces coesite, microdiamonds and other UHP minerals with unusual compositions. Finally, the areas where eclogites with coesite and microdiamonds occur are described.
Πλήρες Κείμενο:
PDFΑναφορές
10.1. Ξένη Βιβλιογραφία:
Avigad, D. 1992. Exhumation of coesite-bearing rocks in the Dora Maira massif (western Alps, Italy). Geology, January 1992
Berg, G.W., 1986. Evidence for carbonate in the mantle. Nature Vol. 324 6 November 1986
Bohlen, S.R., and Boettcher, A.L., 1982. The Quartz - Coesite Transformation: A Precise Determination and the Effects of Other Component. JOURNAL OF
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 87, NO. B8, PAGES 7073-7078, AUGUST 10, 1982
Carswell, D.A., Harvey, M.A., and Al Samman, A., 1983. The petrogenesis of contrasting Fe-Ti and Mg-Cr garnet peridotite types in the high grade gneiss complex of Western Norway. Bull. Minéral. (1983), 106, 727-750
Chopin, C., 1984. Coesite and pure pyrope in high-grade blueschists of the Western Alps: a first record and some consequences. Contrib Mineral Petrol (1984) 86:107-118
Chopin, C., Henry, C., and Michard, A., 1991. Geology and petrology of the coesite-bearing terrain, Dora Maira massif, Western Alps. Eur. J. Mineral. 1991,3, 263-291
Chopin, C., and Schertl, H.-P., 1999. The UHP Unit in the Dora-Maira Massif, Western Alps. International Geology Review. Vol. 41. 1999
Chopin C., 2003. Ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism: tracing continental crust into the mantle. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 212 (2003) 1-14
Claoue-Long, J.C., Sobolev, N.V., Shatsky, V.S., Sobolev, A.V., 1991. Zircon response to diamond-pressure metamorphism in the Kokchetav massif, USSR. GEOLOGY, v. 19, p. 710-713, July 1991
Coleman, R.G., and Wang, X., 1994. Overview of the Geology and Tectonics of UHPM. Coleman R.G. and Wang X. eds. Ultrahigh-pressure Metamorphism, Cambridge University Press
Cuthbert, S.J., Carswell, D.A., Krogh-Ravna, E.J., Wain, A., 2000. Eclogites and eclogites in the Western Gneiss Region, Norwegian Caledonides. Lithos 52 2000. 165–195
Dobrzhinetskaya, L.F., Eide, E.A., Larsen, R.B., Sturt, B.A., Trønnes, R.G., Smith, D.C., Taylor, W.R., and Posukhova, T.V., 1995. Microdiamond in high-grade metamorphic rocks of the Western Gneiss region, Norway. Geology; July 1995; v. 23; no. 7; p. 597–600
Ernst, W.G., 1971. Metamorphic Zonations on Presumably Subducted Lithospheric Plates from Japan, California and the Alps. Contr. Mineral. and Petrol. 34, 43-59 (1971)
Ernst, W.G., Maruyama, S., and Wallis, S., 1997. Buoyancy-driven, rapid exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphosed continental crust. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 94, pp. 9532–9537, September 1997 Geology
Evans B.W., Trommsdorff, V. and Richter, W., 1979. Petrology of an eclogite-metarodingite suite at Cima di Gagnone, Ticino, Switzerland. American Mineralogist, Volume 64, 1979
Hacker, B.R., and Peacock, S.M., 1994. Creation, Preservation and Exhumation of UHPM Rocks. Ultrahigh Pressure Metamorphism, pp. 159 – 181
Hacker, B.R., Ratschbacher, L., Webbc, L., Ireland, T., Walker, D., Shuwen, D., 1998. U/Pb zircon ages constrain the architecture of the ultrahigh-pressure Qinling–Dabie Orogen, China. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 161 (1998) 215-230
Harlow, G.E., and Veblen, D.R., 1991. Potassium in Clinopyroxene Inclusions from Diamonds. SCIENCE, VOL. 251
Katayama, I., Maruyama, S., Parkinson, C.D., Terada, K., Sano, Y., 2001. Ion micro-probe U-Pb zircon geochronology of peak and retrograde stages of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks from the Kokchetav massif, northern Kazakhstan. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 188 (2001) 185-198
Kushiro, Ι., Satake, Η., and Akimoto, Σ., 1975. CARBONATE-SILICATE REACTIONS AT HIGH PRESSURES AND POSSIBLE PRESENCE OF DOLOMITE AND MAGNESITE IN THE UPPER MANTLE. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 28 (1975) 116-120
Liou, J.G., 1993. Stabilities of natural epidotes. Abh.Geol.B.-A., ISSN 0378-0864, ISBN 3-900312-85-0, Band 49, S.7-16, Wien, Juni 1993
Liou, J.G., Hang, R. and Ernst, W.G., 1994. An introduction to ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism. The Island Arc (1994) 3, 1-24
Manning, C.E., and Bohlen, S.R., 1991. The Reaction Titanite + Kyanite = Anorthite + Rutile and Titanite-Rutile Barometry in Eclogites. Contrib Mineral Petrol (1991) 109:1-9
Maruyama, S., Liou, J.G., and Zhang, R., 1994. Tectonic evolution of the ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) and high-pressure (HP) metamorphic belts from central China. The Island Arc (1994) 3, 112-121
Maruyama, S., and Liou, J.G., 1998. Initiation of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism and its significance on the Proterozoic + Phanerozoic boundary. The Island Arc (1998) 7, 6-35
Mosenfelder, J.L., and Bohlen, S.R., 1997. Kinetics of the coesite to quartz transformation. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 153 (1997) 133–147
Mposkos, E.D., and Kostopoulos, D.K., 2001. Diamond, former coesite and supersilicic garnet in metasedimentary rocks from the Greek Rhodope: a new ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic province established. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 192 (2001) 497-506
O’Brien, P.J., Zotov, N., Law, R., Khan, M.A., Jan, M.Q., 2001. Coesite in Himalayan eclogite and implications for models of India-Asia collision. Geology; May 2001; v. 29; no. 5; p. 435–438
Ogasawara, Y., Fukasawa, K., and Maruyama, S., 2002. Coesite exsolution from supersilicic titanite in UHP marble from the Kokchetav Massif, northern Kazakhstan. American Mineralogist, Volume 87, pages 454–461, 2002
Okay, A.I., 1993. Petrology of a diamond and coesite-bearing metamorphic terrain: Dabie shan, China. Eur. J. Mineral. 1993, 5, 659-675
Parkinson, C.D., Miyazaki, K., Wakita, K., Barber, A.J., Carswell, D.A., 1998. An overview and tectonic synthesis of the pre-Tertiary very-high-pressure metamorphic and associated rocks of Java, Sulawesi and Kalimantan, Indonesia. The Island Arc (1998) 7, 184-200
Pearson, D.G., Davies, G.R., Nixon, P.H., and Milledge, H.J., 1989. Graphitized diamonds from a periodotite massif in Morocco and implications for anomalous diamond occurrences. Nature, Vol 338, 2 March 1989
Reinecke, T., 1991. Very-high-pressure metamorphism and uplift of coesite-bearing metasediments from the Zermatt-Saas zone, western Alps. European Journal of Mineralogy 3, 7-17
Platt, J.P., 1993. Exhumation of high-pressure rocks: a review of concepts and processes. Terra Nova 5, 119-33
Roermund, H.L.M., and Drury, M.R., 1998. Ultra-high pressure (P > 6 GPa) garnet peridotites in Western Norway: exhumation of mantle rocks from > 185 km depth. Terra Nova, 10, 295-301, 1998
Ross, N.L., and Reeder, R.J., 1992. High-pressure structural study of dolomite and ankerite. American Mineralogist, Volume 77, pages 412-421, 1992
Rubatto, D., and Hermann, J., 2001. Exhumation as fast as subduction? Geology; January 2001; v. 29; no. 1; p. 3–6
Rumble, D., 1998. Stable Isotope Geochemistry of Ultrahigh-Pressure Rocks. B.R. Hacker and J.G. Liou (eds.), When Continents Collide: Geodynamics and Geochemistry of Ultrahigh-Pressure Rocks, 241-259. © 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Rumble, D., Giorgis, D., Ireland, T., Zhang, Z., Xu, H., Yui, T.F., Yang, J., Xu, Z., and Liou, J.G., 2002. Low δ18O zircons, U-Pb dating, and the age of the Qinglongshan oxygen and hydrogen isotope anomaly near Donghai in Jiangsu Province, China. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 66, No. 12, pp. 2299–2306, 2002
Safonov, O.G., Bindi, L., and Vinograd, V.L., 2011, Potassium-bearing clinopyroxene: a review of experimental, crystal chemical and thermodynamic data with petrological applications. Mineralogical Magazine, August 2011, Vol. 75(4), pp. 2467–2484
Scaillet, S., 1998. K-Ar (40Ar/39Ar) Geochronology of Ultrahigh Pressure Rocks. B.R. Hacker and J.G. Liou (eds.), When Continents Collide: Geodynamics and Geochemistry of Ultrahigh-Pressure Rocks, 161-201. © 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers
Schertl, H.P., Schreyer, W., and Chopin, C., 1991. The pyrope-coesite rocks and their country rocks at Parigi, Dora Maira Massif, Western Alps: detailed petrography, mineral chemistry and PT-path. Contrib Mineral Petrol (1991) 108:1 21
Schreyer, W., 1977. WHITESCHISTS: THEIR COMPOSITIONS AND PRESSURE-TEMPERATURE REGIMES BASED ON EXPERIMENTAL, FIELD, AND PETROGRAPHIC EVIDENCE. Tectonophysics, 43 (1977) 127-144
Schreyer, W., 1988a. Subduction of Continental Crust to Mantle Depths: Petrological Evidence. EPISODES, Vol. 11, No. 2, June 1988
Schreyer, W., 1988b. Experimental studies on metamorphism of crustal rocks under mantle pressures. Mineralogical Magazine, Volume 52, Number 364, March 1988
Searle, M., Hacker, B.R., and Bilham, R., 2001 The Hindu Kush Seismic Zone as a Paradigm for the Creation of Ultrahigh-Pressure Diamond- and Coesite-Bearing Continental Rocks. The Journal of Geology, 2001, volume 109, p. 143–153
Shutong, X., Okay, A.I., Shouyuan, J., Sengor, A.M.C., Wen, S., Yican, L., Laili, J., 1992. Diamond from the Dabie Shan Metamorphic Rocks and Its Implication for Tectonic Setting. Science, New Series, Vol. 256, No. 5053 (Apr. 3, 1992)
Simon, G., and Chopin, C., 2001. Enstatite – sapphirine crack – related assemblages in ultrahigh – pressure pyrope megablasts, Dora – Maira massif, western Alps. Contrib Mineral Petrol (2001) 140: 422-440
Smith, D.C., 1984. Coesite in clinopyroxene in the Caledonides and its implications for geodynamics. Nature, vol. 310, 23 August 1984
Sobolev, N.V., and Shatsky, V.S., 1990. Diamond inclusions in garnets from metamorphic rocks: a new environment for diamond formation. Nature, VOL 343, February 1990
Spear, F.S., Kohn, M.J., Florence, F.P., and Menard, T., 1991. A model for garnet and plagioclase growth in pelitic schists: implications for thermobarometry and P-T path determinations. J. metamorphic Geol., 1991, 8, 683-696
Straume, A.K., and Austrheim, H., 1999. Importance of fracturing during retro-metamorphism of eclogites. J. metamorphic Geol., 1999, 17, 637–652
Tilton, G.R., Schreyer, W., and Schertl, H.P., 1989. Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic behavior of deeply subducted crustal rocks from the Dora Maira Massif, Western Alps,
Italy. Geochmica et Comochimica Acta Vol. 53, pp. 1391-1400
Tilton, G.R., Ames, L., Schertl, H.P., and Schreyer, W., 1997. Reconnaissance isotopic investigations on rocks of an undeformed granite contact within the coesite-bearing unit of the Dora Maira Massif. Lithos 41 (1997) 25-36
Wang, X., Liou, J.G., and Maruyama, S., 1992. Coesite-Bearing Eclogites from the Dabie Mountains, Central China: Petrogenesis, P-T Paths, and Implications for Regional Tectonics. Journal of Geology, 1992, volume 100, p. 231-250
Wang, X., and Liou, J.G., 1993. Ultra-high-pressure metamorphism of carbonate rocks in the Dabie Mountains, central China. J. metamorphic Geol., 1993, 11, 575-588
Wichard, J.P., and Ballevre, M., 1988. Garnet-chloritoid equilibria in eclogitic pelitic rocks from the Sesia zone (Western Alps): their bearing on phase relations in high pressure metapelites. J. metamorphic Geol. 1988, 6, 135-157
Yang, J., Xu, Z., Song, S., Zhang, J., Wu, C., Shi, R., Li, H., Brunel, M., 2001. Discovery of coesite in the North Qaidam Early Palaeozoic ultrahigh pressure (UHP) metamorphic belt, NW China. Earth and Planetary Sciences 333 (2001) 719–724
Ye, K., Yao, Y., Katayama, I., Cong, B., Wang, Q., Maruyama, S., 2000. Large areal extent of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism in the Sulu ultrahigh-pressure terrane of East China: new implications from coesite and omphacite inclusions in zircon of granitic gneiss. Lithos 52 2000. 157–164
Zhang, L., and Zhang, G., 2020. Ultrahigh Pressure Metamorphism. Encyclopedia of Geology, 2nd edition
Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., 1994. Significance of magnesite paragenesis in ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks. American Mineralogist, Volume 79, pages 397-400, 1994
Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., and Cong, B., 1994. Petrogenesis of garnet-bearing ultramafic rocks and associated eclogites in the Su-Lu ultrahigh-P metamorphic terrane, eastern China. J. metamorphic Geol., 1994, 12, 169-186
Zhou, G., Liou, Y.J., Eide, E.A., Liou, J.G., and Ernst, W.G., 1993. High-pressure/low-temperature metamorphism in northern Hubei Province, central China. J. Met. Geol., 1993, 11, 561-574
10.2. Διαδικτυακές Πηγές:
https://sites.radford.edu/~jtso/GeologyofVirginia/Rocks/GeologyOfVARocks2-5d.html (ανακτήθηκε την 02-10-2022)
https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%89%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B2%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B1 (ανακτήθηκε την 04-10-2022)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrane (ανακτήθηκε την 05-10-2022)
https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B6%CF%89%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%82 (ανακτήθηκε την 15-11-2022)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelite (ανακτήθηκε την 16-11-22)
https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%8D%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82 (ανακτήθηκε την 16-11-22)
http://www.geo.auth.gr/106/theory/pet_metamorphic.htm (ανακτήθηκε την 17-11-22)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandstone (ανακτήθηκε την 5-12-22)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Migmatite (ανακτήθηκε την 5-12-22)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plagioclase (ανακτήθηκε την 5-12-22)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mica (ανακτήθηκε την 5-12-22)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feldspar (ανακτήθηκε την 5-12-22)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornblende (ανακτήθηκε την 5-12-22)
https://csmgeo.csm.jmu.edu/geollab/fichter/metarx/barrovian.html (ανακτήθηκε την 5-12-22)
https://www.mindat.org/min-1205.html (ανακτήθηκε την 5-12-22)
https://www.britannica.com/science/pelitic-rock (ανακτήθηκε την 5-12-22)
Εισερχόμενη Αναφορά
- Δεν υπάρχουν προς το παρόν εισερχόμενες αναφορές.