Three dimensional moddeling and geochemical anomaly mapping of the gold-endowed Hattu schist belt, Eastern Finland = Τρισδιάσταστη μπντελοποίηση και χωρική ανάλυση γεωχημικών ανωμαλιών της σχιστολιθικής ζώνης Hattu στην Ανατολική Φιλανδία.
Περίληψη
Μία από τις σημαντικότερες διαδικασίες κατά την αναζήτηση μεταλλικών κοιτασμάτων είναι ο προσδιορισμός και η χαρτογράφηση του γεωχημικού, ή υδροθερμικού, αποτυπώματος από τα δεδομένα των γεωχημικών διασκοπήσεων. Σε αυτή την εργασία διερευνάται η κατανομή των γεωχημικών ανωμαλιών χρυσού βάσει γεωχημικών δειγμάτων από εδάφη, πετρώματα και γεωτρήσεις που συλλέχθηκαν στην Αρχαϊκή σχιστολιθική ζώνη Hattu, στην Ανατολική Φινλανδία. Η ζώνη αυτή εκτείνεται σε μήκος 40 χλμ. με πλάτος 5 χλμ. και φιλοξενεί πολυάριθμες εμφανίσεις μεταλλοφοριών χρυσού ορογενετικού-τύπου, συμπεριλαμβανομένου ενός ενεργού υπόγειου μεταλλείου. Για την εργασία αυτή, η σχιστολιθική ζώνη χωρίστηκε αρχικά σε τέσσερις επιμέρους συνεχείς ζώνες ενώ, δημιουργήθηκαν για κάθε μια από αυτές χάρτες γεωχημικών ανωμαλιών χρυσού με την εφαρμογή δύο διαφορετικών μεθόδων παρεμβολής, το Ordinary Kriging και το Inverse Distance Weighting. Στα γεωχημικά δεδομένα, εφαρμόστηκαν πολλαπλές μέθοδοι στατιστικής για την ανάλυση της κατανομής του χρυσού και για τον υπολογισμό των κατώτατων τιμών ανωμαλίας καθώς και των ακραίων τιμών. Τα διαθέσιμα γεωλογικά, τεκτονικά, γεωφυσικά δεδομένα ενσωματώθηκαν και συνδυάστηκαν με τους γεωχημικούς χάρτες για τον προσδιορισμό συνεχών ζωνών ανωμαλίας χρυσού σε περιβάλλον GIS. Στους χάρτες αυτούς αναγνωρίσθηκαν συνεχείς γραμμικές ζώνες ανωμαλιών που εκτείνονται για αρκετά χιλιόμετρα και οι οποίες υποδηλώνουν την πιθανότητα ύπαρξης μεταλλοφορίας κάτω από το εδαφικό κάλυμμα. Με τη βοήθεια ενός λεπτομερούς τρισδιάστατου λιθολογικού και τεκτονικού μοντέλου για την σχιστολιθική ζώνη έγινε εμφανές ότι η κατανομή του χρυσού ακολουθεί το δυτικό άκρο των τοναλιτικών διεισδύσεων της περιοχής, στα όρια με τη μεταιζηματογενή ακολουθία και των ζωνών διάτμησης. Η διασπορά του στοιχείου του χρυσού στο έδαφος είναι περιορισμένη, κυμαινόμενη μεταξύ 30 και 200 μέτρων. Το τρισδιάστατο γεωλογικό μοντέλο σε συνδυασμό με τον γεωχημικό χάρτη ανωμαλιών χρυσού αυτής της μελέτης παρέχει σημαντικές ενδείξεις πως οι διάσπαρτες εμφανίσεις των μεταλλοφοριών της σχιστολιθικής ζώνης Hattu ανήκουν σε ένα ενιαίο και συνεχές σύστημα μεταλλοφορίας με σημαντικό δυναμικό για την ανακάλυψη νέων κοιτασμάτων χρυσού.
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