Γεω-βιολογία Στρωματόλιθων = Geo-biology of Stromatolites.

Παναγιώτα Ιωάννης Στεφανίδου

Γεω-βιολογία Στρωματόλιθων = Geo-biology of Stromatolites.

Παναγιώτα Ιωάννης Στεφανίδου

Περίληψη

Χαρακτηρισμένοι ως ‘τo προεπιλεγμένο οικοσύστημα της Γης’ οι στρωματόλιθοι θεωρούνται ως η παλαιότερη ένδειξη μακροσκοπικής ζωής. Η αξία τους έγκειται στους μονοκύτταρους οργανισμούς που τους δημιουργούν, κατά κανόνα κυανοβακτήρια, ικανά να φωτοσυνθέσουν, παράγοντας την γεωιστορικά πρώτη, και σημαντικότερη συγκέντρωση οξυγόνου στην ατμόσφαιρα και στους ωκεανούς. Αποτελούν κομμάτι του συστήματος που ώθησε στην δημιουργία και εξέλιξη των πολυκύτταρων ευκαρυωτικών οργανισμών. Η παρακάτω βιβλιογραφική διπλωματική εργασία αποτελεί μία σύνοψη των τρόπων δημιουργίας, της χρονικής και γεωγραφικής εξάπλωσης, των αλλαγών που επέφεραν οι στωματόλιθοι στον πλανήτη, και της σημασία τους για την γεωλογία.

Characterized as ‘Earth’s default ecosystem’ stromatolites are regarded as the oldest macroscopic evidence of life. Their value lies in the single celled organisms that create them, generally cyanobacteria, capable of photosynthesis, producing the geohistorically first, and most significant concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere and oceans. They are part of the system that incited the creation and evolution of multicellular eukaryotic organisms. This bibliographic bachelor’s thesis constitutes an overview of their processes of formation, their extend through time and space, the changes they induced on the planet, and their importance for geology.

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