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Δορυφορική μελέτη μαρομετρικών χαμηλών με χαρακτηριστικά τροπικού κυκλωνα στην Μεσόγειο
Περίληψη
The presence of mesoscale vortices in the Mediterranean region, which are similar to tropical cyclones, is known for some decades. These cyclones are commonly called "Mediterranean Hurricanes" or Medicanes and can cause major disasters and human losses in the affected areas. The aim of this thesis is the satellite study and analysis of a Mediterranean cyclone with tropical-like features on November 7-8, 2014. Attempts are made to clarify the processes that contributed to the creation, intensification and further development of the Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone using the methods of satellite remote sensing and the numerical model simulation. Data from four weather satellites were used in the satellite analysis as well as the WRF numerical model for the simulation. The system was found to display intermittent convection activity, stronger in the stages of its creation and before reaching Sicily. The microphysical characteristics of the clouds revealed high ice particle content around the cyclone center in the convection stages. It was demonstrated that sensible and latent heat fluxes contributed to its strength, as well as the increase of convection activity in the spiral zones around the low pressure cyclonic center, with the greatest rainfall occurring below these areas. The role of the pre-existing dynamic tropopause anomaly was emphasized both at the stage of its generation and at the stage of its greatest intensity. Interesting was the existence of a cold frontal zone in front of the cyclonic center with the appearance of two Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs) and very large amounts of rainfall. The model adequately simulated the trajectory and the characteristics of the cyclone, highlighted the warm core of the system and the contribution of the heat fluxes and the dynamic tropopause anomaly to its generation and intensity. Finally, the results of the satellite analysis were in agreement with the results of the numerical simulation, revealing the fact that the system was a typical case of a Mediterranean cyclone with tropical characteristics.
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