Εξώφυλλο

Study of the hipparionine horse cranial material drom the new excavations in Pikermi (Attica, Greece) = Μελέτη του κρανιακού υλικού ιππαρίων από τις νέες ανασκαφές στο Πίκερμι (Αττική, Ελλάδα).

Panagiotis Vasileios Filis

Περίληψη


The present paper concerns the study and taxonomical determination of cranio-dental material belonging to individuals of the tribe Hipparionini, from the PV1, PV3 and PV4 excavation sites in Pikermi, Attica. The sites are situated in East Attica, along the bank of the Megalo Rema stream and are the target of annual excavations by the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens since 2008. Pikermi is one of the most important fossiliferous localities in Europe, with the numerous excavations being conducted from the middle of the 19th century until now, unveiling a rich and diverse mammal fauna of Turolian age. Along with bovids, hipparionine horses are the most common representatives of the Pikermian fauna and account for the vast majority of remains found. The typical Pikermian species C. mediterraneum and H. brachypus account for the hipparionine cranio-dental material found in the newer sites. The studied specimens, composed of crania, mandibles and solitary buccal teeth are described and compared with material from homologous localities. Furthermore, remarks on inter-site and inter-locality relations, as well as comments on the paleoecology of the Pikermian biome are provided. Finally, the possibility of an -as of yet- not fully identified additional hipparionine group, present in the locality, is discussed.
KEYWORDS: Hipparionini, Systematics, Paleoecology, Osteometry, Pikermi, Turolian, Cranial, Dental

Η παρούσα εργασία αφορά στη μελέτη και τον ταξινομικό προσδιορισμό κρανιo-οδοντικού υλικού ατόμων της φυλής Hipparionini από τις θέσεις PV1, PV3 και PV4 του Πικερμίου Αττικής. Η θέσεις απαντώνται στην Ανατολική Αττική, σε εγγύτητα με το  Μεγάλο Ρέμα Πικερμίου και αποτελούν -από το 2008 έως σήμερα- χώρο τακτικής διεξαγωγής ανασκαφών, υπό τον έλεγχο του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών. Το Πικέρμι αποτελεί μία εκ των σημαντικότερων απολιθωματοφόρων τοποθεσιών στην Ευρώπη. Ο μεγάλος αριθμός ανασκαφών που πραγματοποιούνται από τον 19ο αιώνα έως σήμερα έχει αποκαλύψει εκτεταμένη πανίδα θηλαστικών Τουρόλιας ηλικίας. Τα ιππάρια (Tribe: Hipparionini), μαζί με τα βοοειδή, συγκαταλέγονται στους πλέον κοινούς και πολυάριθμους εκπροσώπους της Πικερμικής πανίδας. Το κρανιο-οδοντικό υλικό που περιγράφεται στην παρούσα εργασία αντιστοιχεί στα τυπικά Πικερμικά ιππάρια C. mediterraneum και H. brachypus. Τα υπό μελέτη ευρήματα, αποτελούμενα από κρανία, κάτω γνάθους και μεμονωμένους οδόντες περιγράφονται εκτενώς και συγκρίνονται με δείγματα από παρεμφερείς θέσεις. Επιπλέον, παρέχονται παρατηρήσεις στους συσχετισμούς μεταξύ ανασκαφικών θέσεων και ευρύτερων εντοπιοτήτων, όπως και στο γενικότερο παλαιοοικολογικό πλαίσιο. Τέλος, συζητάται η πιθανότητα ύπαρξης μίας επιπλέον ομάδας ιππαρίων στο Πικέρμι, η οποία στερείται ακόμη πλήρους διάγνωσης
ΛΕΞΕΙΣ ΚΛΕΙΔΙΑ: Ιππάρια, Συστηματική, Παλαιοοικολογία, Οστεομετρία, Πικέρμι, Τουρόλιο, Κρανιακό, Οδοντικό

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