Εξώφυλλο

Τυρκουάζ: δομή, χημική σύσταση και εμφανίσεις = Turquoise: structure, chemical composition and occurrances.

Όλγα Αθανάσιος Παπαδοπούλου

Περίληψη


Ο σκοπός της παρούσας πτυχιακής εργασίας είναι να περιγράψει το ορυκτό τυρκουάζ, το οποίο αποτελεί φωσφορικό άλας χαλκού και αργιλίου. Παρουσιάζονται η χημική του σύσταση, η κρυσταλλική δομή του, καθώς και οι φυσικές του ιδιότητες (χρώμα, διαφάνεια, σκληρότητα, αντοχή, λάμψη, ειδικό βάρος, σχισμός, γραμμή σκόνης). Εκτός αυτού, μελετάται η γένεσή του σε άνυδρες συνθήκες κοντά σε κοιτάσματα χαλκού και οι εμφανίσεις του ανά την υφήλιο (Αριζόνα, Μεξικό, Χουμπέι Κίνας, Ιράν, Σινά Αιγύπτου κλπ.). Περιλαμβάνει επίσης, τις μεθόδους βελτίωσης της ποιότητάς του (επεξεργασία Zachery, εμποτισμός με κερί, πλαστικό, πολυμερή γέλη και ρητίνη) όπως και την αναγνώριση των απομιμήσεων, των συνθετικών ορυκτών και γενικότερα της σύστασης ευρημάτων τυρκουάζ για την εύρεση της προέλευσής τους με τη χρήση μεθόδων, όπως η ανάλυση Raman, FTIR, EDXRF και INAA.
   
The purpose of this thesis is to describe the mineral turquoise, which is a phosphate of copper and aluminium. Its chemical composition, crystal structure and physical properties (colour, transparency, hardness, strength, brilliance, specific gravity, cleavage, streak) are presented respectively in the following sections. In addition, its genesis in anhydrous conditions near copper deposits is studied, as well as its occurrences around the world (Arizona, Mexico, Hubei China, Iran, Sinai Egypt, etc.). It also includes methods used for the improvement of turquoise quality (Zachery treatment, wax, plastic, polymer gel and resin impregnation), and the identification of imitations, synthetic minerals and more generally the composition of turquoise finds to distinguish their origin using methods such as Raman, FTIR, EDXRF and INAA analysis.

Πλήρες Κείμενο:

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Αναφορές


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